All parents worry to some extent about their baby’s development—it’s part of being a parent. And the stark increase in the prevalence of autism can give even the most easy-going parents cause for worry.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates that 1 in 88 children in the United States has been identified as having an autism spectrum disorder. Autism spectrum disorders are almost five times more common among boys than girls, with with 1 in 54 boys identified.

Autism cannot be screened for prenatally, and the exact cause is still unknown.

Understanding autism

Autism is a complex group of developmental brain disorders known as Pervasive Developmental Disorders (PDD) and it presents differently for each child. Experts widely agree that early diagnosis leads to improved treatment and outcomes. Current research suggests that infants can show early signs of autism, even before their first birthday.

The good news is that the American Academy of Pediatrics now recommends routine, formal screening by pediatricians at 18 and 24 months. Prior to this, your baby’s pediatrician will conduct a developmental assessment at each of your well-baby check-ups.

You may be asked about how your baby plays, interacts with you, sleeps, and makes his or her needs known to you. It’s important to discuss these fully with your baby’s provider; bring any concerns forward right away. Also, share with your pediatrician any family history of developmental disorders, being slow to develop communication, or poor social skills.

Seek evaluation early

Most states offer free developmental evaluations and therapy for children ages 3 and younger who meet certain criteria. These early childhood programs are generally free of charge and in most cases you won’t need a referral to attend—you can simply contact them to talk about your concerns.

If you’re pregnant now, do everything you can to have the healthiest pregnancy possible. Relax and enjoy your pregnancy while taking good care of yourself. Get early and regular prenatal care, eat well and take prenatal vitamins, exercise, reduce your stress, and avoid dangerous behaviors like smoking, drinking, using unprescribed drugs, and exposure to chemical toxins. Engaging in healthy living during your pregnancy will always serve your baby well.

Potential Early Signs

Report any of these “red flags” to your pediatrician during your baby’s first year of life. AutismSpeaks.org also has more than 100 videos that will help you identify these behaviors in action.

4 months or thereafter	6 months or thereafter	9 months or thereafter	12 months or thereafter
No turning towards sounds. No interest in watching people’s faces.	No big smiles or other warm, joyful expressions.	No back and forth sharing of sounds, smiles, or other facial expressions.	No babbling. No, or limited use of, back and forth gestures, such as pointing, waving, reaching, or showing you things. No turning to the person speaking when his or her name is called.